Extractors for guns with vertically sliding breech blocks



Feb. 3, 1948. w. SUMMERBELL EXTRACTdRS FOR GUNS WITH VERTIQALLY SLIDING BREECH BLOCKS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 William Summerhell azrmwymwk Original Filed May 16, 1941 Feb. 3, 1948. w. SUMME-RBELL EXTRAGTORS FOR GUNS WITH VERTICALLY SLIDING BREECH BLOCKS Original Filed May 16, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 William Summarhell rm aamflgm Patented Feb. 3, 1948 E IBAGIDEQ QE S I H YEB/ QAB pg L1DINQBIHEECH BLOCK muatim 9' a nli n enal No- 8 ,163 ax 1 94 13 n is fiqn-lmge 1% v ieo a m sa-w Theinvention descmbeciherein mayhemenu:

featured amused by or for he; finvernmeno .9 governmental; urposes without. th pa men FQ me of. nwqyal y th r o T s, i vention: elat s; to: an ext aqtq fiflll: anism for a em 0.:- the: type having a ve tically slidin breech blq he fixfilac pr m mamiw W Qh: is. the s b e t o this n en on per m "Figure 1 is g, sigle elevation peyfily in seetipn of u H g breech isgnawn madsea1565mm;

Figure 2 is an end elevation sectionalizedon the 0 m "'Fi'gure' B "is iaj side elevation, partly in section with'the b'recfiiri'epeh position. Fig'nfe 4='is-a'tiopp1'a3n view, parfly in section, andf, V 4,.

Figures 5 (and .6 are respectively side and end-;

elevations of? one of-I-the extractor armsl.

Refem'ingtci the drawingsdbyollaraciiers of reierence; ,thewreeiso shown aibreech rm thawin anv openingxeceivinganlteriaically slidinghreeoh block- 2, the mechanism 0 operating zthe blocknbein omitted asit-iorms thfifiub fifi i ma terpof my 0, p n ing. application; Ser a N 393,? 62, filed: May 16, .1941 for Breechhlqok m cnaoism now Patent No- .2;3.98,4=5.3 iss eiAmi 6 1 6- unnionipins thebzgaeqhxm iormed s enfi el yplane and nqsx o m memes-e 4 these fixed pins. The uliper ends' of, thee extxag tor arms are provided: orr their innerffaceg with opposed fingers; 9 and; H], to engage the rim ofii'a cartridge caseinserted in the chamhmz. Anne-i1? lower ends the extractor arms arelproyidedgwith, opp-qsedl lugs- H and I2; which. are adaptexlto travel; in't'racks 121: provided: in the faces of; the breech block. 'Ilnelforward edge of each extractor, armointhesectiorLopposite thetrnnnion isformedwith aoamisurfacelfi-adeptedrto engage -a,.p111.n e. t Mi mounted in amborei l5:i'n..t he breech; time: and; pushed outwardly by a spring 15.. plungel: is. provided with event, 114a: for e ualizin the. pzcessurehefuwe nbone; I5 andmel atmospb xesper a mitfipg iree movementgof mepmn er mime-109m Thesuxiasee is; are; ionmed. that .sprin g L5 Wm 1:9 meintain-jcbe upper: endsomhe ezibxaoe toroamsine osition of: rosy 1 mm th rem;

face of: the barrel, .191 p ei'vti nisfrefexr Referring particularly to Fig. 3, eggh gm 9;- phm er M. and .eaeh a e of rotati nofestlc gtp arm 3: l e i 'the-sa e plane an a; ri melee q eecl; The-face I41) f unger! ia at: ri ht a lers o hee i 1f the plun er: am .s xiesw Bet eeqh extra o arm also is el b ilanfi ll plane @m d a .hr lle e action of spring I6 until such movement is arrested by abutment of the plunger face against the forward surface of its adjacent pin or 5. Pins 5 and 6 thus each acts as a stop means preventing ejection of the plunger from bore I 5. It will be observed from Figure 2 that each plunger I4 is so positioned relative to the ends of pins 5 and I5 that a portion of its face Mb is offset and is exposed at the right of pin 5 or at the left of pin 6 for a purpose now to be described.

In fitting the extractor arm upon pin 5, it is necessary that plunger I4 be depressed sufliciently far in its bore to permit cam surface I3 to clear the face of the plunger I 4 when bearing bore 1 is aligned with pin 5. This is accomplished in my construction by placing cam surface l3 against the exposed portion of the plunger face Nb and forcing it and thereby the plunger forwardly by pushing the extractor arm forward until its bearing bore is in alignment with pin 5 or 6, whereupon the extractor arm 3 is moved to the left (Fig. 2) to position the same upon its pin 5 or to the right for pin 6, the cam surface I3 meanwhile retaining the plunger in forward position and clear of the body of the extractor arm.

The opposite sides of the breech block are provided on their forward portions with like tracks I! for engagement with the lugs II and I2 on the extractor arms. In a section of each track which will engage the corresponding lug shortly before the block reaches the lower limit of its downward travel, a cam surface I8 is provided to rotate the extractor arms about their trunnions. During such rotation the fingers 9 and II] will engage the rim of the cartridge case in known manner for extraction thereof. In the front edge of each track I1 a stop lug I9 is provided to engage with the lower plane surfaces 22 and 24 of the lugs II and I2 serving to retain the breech block in a position slightly above the limit of its downward travel.

In operation the breech block is lowered after firing by means not shown. Shortly before the block reaches its lowermost position, the cam surface I 8 in each of the tracks engages the rounded surfaces 25 and 26 on the lower lugs II and I2 on the extractor arms and drives them forward to extract the cartridge case. The springs provided will tend to maintain the arms in this rearward rest position and as the block begins to rise under the influence of the block operating mechanism, its progress will be stopped by the engagement of the plane surfaces 22 and 24 on the extractor arm lugs with the stop lug surfaces 2| provided in the breech block tracks I1. As a fresh cartridge is inserted its rim will engage the fingers 9 and ID on the upper ends of the extractor arms tending to move them forwardly to disengage the stop lugs I9 to free the block 2 to rise to the closed position. It will be noted that the extractor arms 3 and 4 are independent of each other and that they have independent engagement with the breech block. This is an important safety feature, as the block operating mechanismof such semi-automatic weapons functions with sufficient violence while, if the breechblock 2 were inadvertently released, will cause injuries to the hands of the operator. Should one of the extractor arms 3 or 4 be disengaged inadvertently during cleaning or the like, the other will retain the block 2 in a downward position. The arms 3 and 4 must be disengaged simultaneously, as by the rim of a cartridge case when loading the weapon, to release the block. The spring-pressed plunger I4 maintains the extractor arms 3 and 4 in a rear dead position, and tends to obviate the possibility of the extractor arm lugs II and I2 from bouncing or vibrating out of engagement with the stop lugs I9 on the breechblock 2 during rapid fire actuation of the breech mechanism by damping the movements of the extractor arms.

It will be noted that assembly of the extractor mechanism may be effected without the use of tools and that the extractor arms after having been put in place on their trunnions, are retained thereon by engagement with the sides of the breech block which is inserted after the arms are on the trunnions.

This application is a continuation of my copending application Serial No. 393,763, filed May 16, 1941, for Extractors, now abandoned.

I claim:

1. In a gun comprising a breech ring, a breech block reciprocably'mounted therein between an open and a closed position, an extractor arm, means pivoting the same in said breech ring for oscillation between a forward and rearward restposition, said arm having means adapted to engage a cartridge case for extracting the latter after firing, cooperating cam surfaces on said breech block and extractor arm for rotating said extractor arm about its pivot means to a rearward. rest position for extracting the cartridge case upon opening of the breech, a stop lug on the breech block and a cooperating lug on the extractor arm adapted to engage in its rearward rest position thestop lug of the breech block to lock the same in open position, a plunger slidably positioned in said breech ring for movement toward said pivot means and having a cam face thereon, means yieldably urging said plunger towards said pivot means, and a second cam surface upon said extractor arm engaging said cam face on said plunger, said cam face and said second cam surface being in contact with and at an acute angle to each other when said extractor arm is in its forward position whereby said spring-pressed plunger surface is adapted to urge said second cam surface into parallelism with said cam face thereby preventing the return motion of said extractor from a rearward rest position and said cam face and said second cam surface being so constructed and arranged relative to each other that angular displacement of said extractor arm from its rearward rest position will move said plunger against the force of said yieldable urging means, thereby setting up counter forces tending to restore said extractor arm to its rearward rest position.

2. In a gun comprising a breech ring, a breech block reciprocably mounted therein between an open and a closed position, an extractor arm, means pivoting the same in said breech ring for oscillation between a forward and rearward rest position, said arm having means adapted to engage a cartridge case for extracting the latter after firing, cooperating cam surfaces on said breech block and extractor arm for rotating said extractor arm about its pivot means to a rearward rest position for extracting the cartridge case upon opening of the breech, a stop lug on the breech block and a cooperating lug on the extractor arm adapted to engage in its rearward rest position the stop lug of the breech block to lock the same in open position, a plunger slidably positioned in said breech ring for movement toward said pivot means and having a plane cam face thereon perpendicular to the line of movement of'said plunger, means yieldably urging saidtioned to engage said cam face on said plunger,

the plane of said second cam surface being normally perpendicular tothe line of movement of said plunger, whereby angular displacement of said extractor arm from its rearward rest position will move said plunger against the force of said yieldable urging means, thereby setting up counter forces tending to restore said extractor arm to its rearward rest position.

3. In a gun, the combination of a breech ring having a recess to receive a sliding breechblock, a pivot, an extractor arm pivoted thereon for movement between a forward and a. rearward position, a plunger mounted for reciprocation in said breech ring, said plunger having a flat surface lying in a plane parallel to the axis of said pivot, a cam on said extractor arm cooperating with said plunger face and said cam having a flat surface lying in a plane parallel to the pivot axis of said extractor arm, said surfaces being in contact and forming an acute angle with each other when said extractorarm is in its forward position whereby said extractor arm is forced to a rearward position, said surfaces being in faceto-face contact and parallel with each other when said extractor arm i in its rearward position whereby said extractor arm is releasably held in said rearward position.,'

4. In a gun, the combination of a breech rin having a recess to receive a sliding breechblock, a cam groove on said breechblock, a stop lug at one end of said groove, a pivot, an extractor arm pivoted thereon for movement between a forward and a rearward position, a cam follower on said extractor arm actuated by said breechblock cam groove to rotate said extractor arm to a rearward position, a stop means on said extractor arm adapted to engage said stop lug when said extractor arms is in a rearward position to hold said breechblock against movement in one direction, a plunger mounted for reciprocation in said breech ring, said plunger having a fiat surface lying in a plane parallel to the axis of said pivot, a cam on said extractor arm cooperating with said plunger face, said cam having a fiat surface lying in a plane parallel to the pivot axis of the extractor arm, said surfaces being in contact and forming an acute angle with each other when said extractor arm is in its forward position, said surfaces being in face-to-face contact and parallel with each other when said extractor arm is in its rearward position whereby said plunger releasably holds said extractor arm in said rearward position causing said stop means to engage said stop lug.

5. In a gun, the combination of a breech ring, a breechblock reciprocably mounted therein, a cam groove in said breechblock extending lengthwise thereof, a stop lug on said breechblock adjacent said cam groove, a pivot on said breech ring extending substantially at right angles to the path of movement of said breechblock, a bore in said breech ring extending substantially at right angles to said pivot, a plunger in said bore having a portion thereof extending transversely beyond the end of said pivot, spring means in said bore abutting said plunger for forcing the same toward said pivot, an extractor arm pivoted on said pin and adapted to be moved thereon from a forward to a rearward position, follower means on said extractor arm cooperating with said cam groove for moving said extractor arm to a rearward position, said plunger having a fiat end cam surface substantially parallel to the axis of the pivot, a fiat cam surface on said extractor extending substantially parallel to said pivot axis whereby when said extractor is in its forward position said cam surfaces form an acute angle with each other and when said extractor is in its rearward position said cam surfaces are parallel and in face-to-face contact with each other whereby said spring-pressed plunger yieldingly holds said extractor arm from movement from a rearward to a forward position, a stop surface on said extractor arm adjacent said follower means I adapted to engage said stop lug whereby upon reciprocation of the breechblock in one direction the extractor arm will be rotated to a rearward position to extract a cartridge case and place said stop surface into engagement with said stop lug thereby holding the breechblock against reciprocation in a reverse direction. 7

WILLIAM SUMMERBELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 340,002 Pieri Apr. 13, 1886 633,949 Bleha Sept. 26, 1899 798,882 Dearborn Sept. 5, 1905 830,825 Dearborn Sept. 11, 1906 1,157,656 Swebilius et a1 Oct. 19, 1915 1,387,502 Lund Aug. 16, 1921 1,802,727 McCann Apr. 28, 1931 1,834,410 Loomis Dec. 1, 1931 

